Run Your Own Unix Web Server (part 3 of 3)

Part 3 of 3 / Configuration

I know it's been a while since Part 1 and Part 2 of this series. Sorry for the long delay. I imagine thousands, if not millions, of inquisitive geeks out there with their FreeBSD servers ready to go. Apache, PHP, and MySQL are installed, and they're just waiting, reloading the iMarc blog every couple hour, wondering..."Now What?"

Well the wait is over, my furry little geek friends. Cancel your World of Warcraft membership and do what real men do - run a UNIX web server.

In this lesson, we configure Apache and serve up a PHP page.

This document assumes: This document also assumes that:
  • at least one domain name points to your server
    The one I'm using is example.com. Replace that with your domain in the references below.
  • your server has at least one static IP address
    The one I'm using is 10.20.111.2. Again, replace my example IP with your real IP below.
Let's go...I promise this will be quick.

Make a home for your website


SSH to your server as the user 'web' and create the website root directory:
mkdir ~/www/example.com

Make a homepage for your site


You can later go back and upload a better site, but for now, we'll just make a quick PHP-driven index page in the website root directory.

Use vi to create and open the index file:
vi ~/www/example.com/index.php
Add the following content:
<?php for ($i = 0; $i < 10; ++$i) { echo "I'm a new website
"; } ?>
Save and quit vi. Good. We have a web directory and a home page.

Edit Apache's configuration file


We need to tell Apache where the new site is. I prefer using name-based Virtual Hosts

Use vi to create and open Apache's config file, called httpd.conf:
vi ~/apache/conf/httpd.conf
Scroll to the bottom and add the following. (Remember, replace my example domain and IP with your real ones)
NameVirtualHost 10.20.111.2:80 # ------------------------------------------------------------------- # # example.com # ------------------------------------------------------------------- # <VirtualHost 10.20.111.2:80> DocumentRoot /home/www/example.com ServerName www.example.com CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache/bin/rotatelogs /usr/local/apache/logs/example.com.log 604800" combined DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm <VirtualHost 10.20.111.2:80> ServerName example.com Redirect / http://www.example.com/

Start Apache


Starting and stopping apache requires SuperUser (root) privileges, so type su, and enter root's password.

In case the web server was already running, we'll try and stop it first. If you get an error about apache not running, don't worry...
apachectl stop
Before starting or restarting Apache, I test any configuration edit's I've made.
apachectl configtest
You should get, Syntax OK.

Finally, start the server:
apachectl start
In the future, after making Apache configuration changes, restart the server like this:
apachectl configtest apachectl graceful
That gracefully stops the server, re-reads the configuration, and starts up again.

Launch Party


Open up your favorite browser and go to the site!

If it worked, pour the Andre Cold Duck, submit your site to Google, jump out of the nest, and flap your wings. You're on your own now!

See Also
Run Your Own Unix Web Server (part 1 of 3) - FreeBSD Installation
Run Your Own Unix Web Server (part 2 of 3) - Software
Run Your Own Unix Web Server (part 3 of 3) - Configuration

Comments

Saturday, May 13, 2006 / 12:18pm anonymous coward said…

What about DNS? Totally left out, yet you can't have a site without it!

Saturday, May 13, 2006 / 12:39pm Greg said…

Your mileage may vary, of course, but for DNS I use djbdns, which is in the ports tree. Anyone who's suffered the slings and arrows of learning how to use BIND will find djbdns a lot easier to use.It's actually two programs - one is a caching DNS server and the other is the BIND-y DNS server. Personally, I only use it as a backup and instead rely on a third party like easydns.com for my DNS services... if your box goes down for a little while, you don't necessarily want your authoritative nameserver to go down with it.

Saturday, May 13, 2006 / 6:06pm Robert Mohns said…

I concur with Greg about using an external DNS service -- ideally, you want at least two DNS servers, widely separated geographically and in network topology, to ensure at least one is available at all times. This also facilitates having backup MX records so if your primary mail server goes down, another server (perhaps run by a friend) can store the mail until your mail server becomes available again.

Sunday, May 14, 2006 / 1:31am zean said…

thanks you Dave. I have build Apache, mysql and php from Ports, but this is a excellent Article.

Tuesday, May 1, 2007 / 3:21pm Josh said…

Great tutorial. This is definitely the most concise process I have come across, for getting a Unix web server up and running. Thanks a lot, Dave.

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Statements and opinions expressed in this blog and any comments made are the private opinions of the respective poster, and, as such, iMarc LLC is neither responsible nor liable for such content.

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